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1.
Femina ; 46(1): 48-53, 29/02/2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1050100

ABSTRACT

A rotura prematura de membranas (RPM) é conceituada como corioamniorrexe espontânea que ocorre antes do início do trabalho de parto, independentemente da idade gestacional. Ocorre, aproximadamente, em 10% das gestações. A maioria dos casos incide em pacientes de termo e 2-3% dos casos em gestações pré-termo. Seu diagnóstico, em 90% das vezes, é clínico. Em relação às condutas, a intenção é reduzir ao máximo os prejuízos para o binômio materno-fetal, mas essa é uma tarefa complicada e que ainda suscita muitas discussões. Prioriza-se a interrupção da gestação na presença de corioamnionite ou sofrimento fetal. Na ausência destes, as condutas devem ser individualizadas de acordo com a idade gestacional, levando em conta o uso de corticoterapia e neuroprofilaxia com sulfato de magnésio.(AU)


Premature membranes rupture (PMR) is conceptualized as spontaneous chorioamniorrex that occurs before labor begins, regardless of gestational age. It occurs in approximately 10% of pregnancies. The majority of cases are in term pregnancies patients and 2-3% of cases in preterm pregnancies. The diagnosis is predominantly clinical (about 90%). In relation to the management, the intention is to reduce to the maximum the losses to the maternal-fetal binomial, but this is a complicated task and that still raises many discussions. Discontinuation of gestation is prioritized in the presence of chorioamnionitis or fetal distress. In the absence of these, the management should be individualized according to gestational age, taking into account the use of corticosteroids and neuroprophylaxis with magnesium sulfat.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/drug therapy , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/therapy , Pregnancy Complications , Betamethasone/therapeutic use , Risk Factors , Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 39(7): 317-321, July 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-898879

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to evaluate and validate the qualitative human chorionic gonadotropin β subunit (β-hCG) test of the vaginal fluid washings of pregnant women with premature rupture of fetal membranes (PROM). Methods Cross-sectional study of pregnant women between gestational weeks 24 and 39 who underwent consultations in one of our institutions. They were divided into two groups: group A (pregnant women clinically diagnosed with PROM) and group B (pregnant women without loss of amniotic liquid). The patients were subjected to a vaginal fluid washing with 3 mL of saline solution, which was aspirated subsequently with the same syringe. The solution was immediately sent to the laboratory to perform the vaginal β-hCG test with cut-off points of 10 mIU/mL (β-hCG-10) and/or 25 mIU/mL (β-hCG-25). Results The β-hCG-10 test of the vaginal secretion was performed in 128 cases. The chi-squared test with Yates' correction showed a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (p = 0.0225). The sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy parameters were 77.1%, 43.6%, 52.3%; 70.4%; and 58.6% respectively. The β-hCG-25 test of the vaginal washing was performed in 49 cases. The analysis by Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0175). The sensibility, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy parameters were 44.4%, 87.1%, 66.6%; 72.9%; and 71.4% respectively. Conclusions The β-hCG-25 test showed better accuracy for the diagnosis of PROM, and can corroborate the early diagnosis of PROM because it is a simple and quick exam.


Resumo Objetivo Este estudo objetivou validar o exame qualitativo da subunidade β da gonadotrofina coriônica humana (β-hCG) em lavado vaginal de gestantes com ruptura prematura de membranas (RPM) fetais. Métodos Estudo transversal de gestantes com 24 a 39 semanas atendidas em um hospital de Maringá divididas em 2 grupos: grupo A (clinicamente diagnosticadas com RPM) e grupo B (gestantes sem perda de liquido amniótico). As pacientes foram submetidas a lavado vaginal com 3 mL de soro fisiológico, que logo em seguida foi aspirado de volta na mesma seringa e imediatamente enviado ao laboratório para a realização do exame de β-hCG vaginal com pontos de corte de 10 mIU/mL (β-hCG-10) e/ ou 25 mIU/mL (β-hCG-25). Resultados O teste de β-hCG-10 na secreção vaginal foi realizado em 128 casos, e o teste do qui-quadrado com correção de Yates mostrou diferença significante entre os dois grupos (p = 0,0225). Os parâmetros de sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo (VPP), valor preditivo negativo (VPN) e acurácia foram respectivamente 77,1%; 43,6%; 52,3%; 70,4%; e 58,6%. O teste de β-hCG-25 na secreção vaginal foi realizado em 49 casos, e a análise pelo teste exato de Fisher mostrou diferença significativa entre os grupos (p = 0,0175). Os parâmetros de sensibilidade, especificidade, VPP, VPN e acurácia foram respectivamente 44,4%; 87,1%; 66,6%; 72,9%; e 71,4%. Conclusões O β-hCG-25 apresentou melhor acurácia para o diagnóstico de RPM, e pode corroborar o diagnóstico precoce de RPM por se tratar de um exame simples e rápido.


Subject(s)
Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human/analysis , Vagina/surgery , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Early Diagnosis , Therapeutic Irrigation
3.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 79(6): 502-507, 2014. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734796

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Establecer la eficacia diagnóstica de la determinación de gonadotropina coriónica en flujo vaginal para el diagnóstico de la rotura prematura de membranas. Método: Investigación de tipo prospectiva en muestra de 270 embarazadas que asistieron al Hospital Central "Dr. Urquinaona", Maracaibo, Venezuela. Los grupos consistieron en pacientes con rotura prematura de membranas (grupo A; n = 135) y embarazadas con membranas integras (grupo B; n = 135), consideradas como controles. Se evaluaron las características generales, valores de gonadotropina coriónica en flujo vaginal y efectividad diagnóstica. Resultados: La edad gestacional al momento de la determinación de las concentraciones de gonadotropina coriónica en flujo vaginal fue de 32,9 +/- 1,6 semanas para el grupo A y 33,1 +/- 1,9 semanas para el grupo B (p = ns). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la edad materna y la frecuencia de paridad entre ambos grupos de tratamiento (p = ns). Las pacientes del grupo A presentaron concentraciones significativamente más altas de gonadotropina coriónica en flujo vaginal (697,4 +/- 382,4 mUI/mL) comparado con las embarazadas del grupo B (91,4 +/- 47,1 mUI/mL; p < 0,0001). Un valor de corte de 100 mUI/mL presentó un valor por debajo de la curva de 0,96 con una sensibilidad del 97,0 por ciento, especificidad del 51,1 por ciento, valor predictivo positivo del 66,5 por ciento y valor predictivo negativo del 94,5 por ciento. Conclusión: La determinación de las concentraciones de gonadotropina coriónica en el flujo vaginal es una técnica diagnóstica útil para la rotura prematura de membranas.


Objective: To establish the diagnostical efficacy of chorionic gonadotropin in vaginal fluid determination for diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes. Method: A prospective research type was done with a sample of 270 pregnant women who assisted to obstetrics emergency at Hospital Central "Dr. Urquinaona", Maracaibo, Venezuela. Groups consisted in patients with premature rupture of membranes (group A; n = 135) and pregnant women with intact membranes (group B; n = 135), considered as controls. General characteristics, values of chorionic gonadotropin in vaginal fluid and diagnostic efficacy were evaluated. Results: Gestational age at the moment of determination chorionic gonadotropin in vaginal fluid was 32.9 +/- 1.6 weeks in group A and 33.1 +/- 1.9 weeks in group B (p = ns). There were no significant differences in maternal age and frequency of parity between groups (p = ns). Patients in group A showed significant higher concentrations of chorionic gonadotropin in vaginal fluid (697.4 +/- 382.4 mUI/mL) compared with pregnant women in group B (91.4 +/- 47.1 mUI/mL; p < 0.0001). A cut-off point of 100 mUI/mL showed a under the curve value of 0.96 with a sensitivity of 97.0 percent, specificity of 51.1 percent, positive predictive value of 66.5 percent and negative predictive value of 94.5 percent. Conclusions: Determination of chorionic gonadotropin concentrations in vaginal fluid is a useful diagnosis tool for premature rupture of membranes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Chorionic Gonadotropin/analysis , Amniotic Fluid/chemistry , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Biomarkers/analysis , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Vagina
4.
Lima; s.n; 2013. 38 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1113142

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Determinar que el valor creatinina es útil como un método de diagnóstico para la Rotura Prematura de Membranas en el Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza durante Agosto 2012 - Febrero 2013. METODOLOGIA: Estudio Observacional, de tipo analítico-comparativo prospectivo. Se trabajó con un total de 90 pacientes que se atendieron en los consultorios de Obstetricia que acuden al Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza durante Agosto 2012 - Febrero 2013. Para ello se dividieron en dos grupos: 26 pacientes con diagnóstico de RPM y 64 pacientes sin diagnóstico de RPM a las cuales se midió el valor de la creatinina. Se estimaron las frecuencias absolutas y relativas y medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Se utilizó la prueba Chi cuadrado y t-Student, toda interpretación estadística se realizó con un nivel de significancia del 95 por ciento. RESULTADOS: La edad de las pacientes estuvo entre los rangos: 19 a 34 años (70 por ciento) y en menor porcentaje las menores de 19 años (4.4 por ciento). El 57.8 por ciento eran Solteras y el 1.1 por ciento Separadas. El nivel de instrucción de las participantes fue en el 60 por ciento nivel Secundario y el 12.2 por ciento Técnica. La edad materna en el grupo caso más frecuente fue 19 a 34 años (42.3 por ciento) y las mayores de 35 años (42.3 por ciento) muy diferente al grupo control donde priorizó los rangos de edad entre 19-34 años (81.2 por ciento), encontrándose diferencias significativas en ambas variables (p<0.001). El estado civil Soltera en ambos grupos fue similar (p=0.101), siendo en el grupo de pacientes sin RPM 69.2 por ciento y en el grupo sin RPM 53.1 por ciento. El 96.2 por ciento de los pacientes del grupo caso tuvo nivel de instrucción primaria y el 45.3 por ciento del grupo control tuvo nivel de instrucción Secundario, encontrándose estadísticas porcentuales significativas (p<0.001). En gran parte de gestantes del grupo caso (53.8 por ciento) tuvo una edad gestacional entre 37 a 40 semanas muy similar...


OBJECTIVE: Determine the creatinine value is useful as a diagnostic method for Premature Rupture of Membranes at National Hospital Arzobispo Loayza during August 2012 - February 2013. METHODOLOGY: Observational study of prospective comparative-analytical type. We worked with a total of 90 patients seen in the clinics of Obstetrics attending at National Hospital Arzobispo Loayza during August 2012 - February 2013. For this purpose, the groups were divided into two groups: 26 patients diagnosed with RPM and 64 patients without RPM which a value was measured by creatinine. We estimated absolute and relative frequencies and measures of central tendency and dispersion. We used the chi-square test and t-Student, all statistical interpretation was performed with a significance level of 95 per cent. RESULTS: The age of patients was found between the ranges: 19-34 years (70 per cent) and minority women less than 19 years (4.4 per cent). The singles were 57.8 per cent and separate were 1.1 per cent. The education level of the participants was: 60 per cent Secondary and 12.2 per cent Technical. Maternal age in the group case with the most frequent is between 19-34 years (42.3 per cent) and those older than 35 years (42.3 per cent) very different to the control group where prioritized age ranges between 19-34 years (81.2 per cent), with differences significant in both variables (p<0.001). Marital status was similar in both groups (p=0.101), being in the group of patients without RPM: 69.2 per cent and 53.1 per cent group without RPM. The 96.2 per cent of patients in the case group had primary level of education and 45.3 per cent of the control group had Secondary education level, being statistical significant both percentages (p<0.001). In much of pregnant women in the case group (53.8 per cent) had a gestational age from 37 to 40 weeks very similar to the control group (57.8 per cent) being statistically similar (p=0.731). With respect to parity: The 69.2 per cent...


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Creatinine , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Observational Study , Prospective Studies
5.
Gac. méd. Caracas ; 119(4): 309-314, oct.-dic. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-701636

ABSTRACT

El objetivo fue estudiar la mortalidad neonatal de los años 2005 a 2008, conocer su ocurrencia, determinar características maternas, condiciones obstétricas y factores relacionados. Es un estudio observacional analítico de 164 neonatos. Para el lapso hubo 10180 recién nacidos vivos en el Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Departamento Clínico Integral de la Costa. Universidad de Carabobo. Hospital Dr. Adolfo Prince Lara, Puerto Cabello, Estado Carabobo. La mortalidad neonatal fue 16.11 por mil recién nacidos vivos o una muerte cada 62 nacidos vivos. Hubo predominio de madres de 24 años y menos (55,56%), en antecedentes familiares destacó la hipertensión arterial (30,86%) y diabetes (4,3%), en antecedentes personales la prematurez (16,1%). El diagnóstico de ingreso fue amenaza de parto prematuro 21,61%, trabajo de parto pre-término 19,14% y rotura prematura de membrana 19,75%. No realizaron control prenatal 64,2%; eran multigestas 63,6%, con edad de embarazo menor igual 36 a semanas 72,22% y resultado en parto normal 71,61%. Predominaron los fetos masculinos (53,66%), con peso menor igual 2.500 g (78,66%) y talla menor igual 49 cm (88,4%), el índice Apgar de 7 y menos (84,75%). El factor de muerte directo conocido prevaleciente en 164 casos fue la insuficiencia repiratoria (53,66%), seguida de sepsis (21,95%) y asfixia perinatal (19,51%).


El objetive was to study the neonatal mortality of the years 2005-2008, knowing its impact, determine the material characteristics, obstetric conditions and related factors. It is a observational and analytical study of 164 neonatal death. For the period there were 10.180 live births in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital "Dr. Adolfo Prince Lara", Puerto Cabello, Estado Carabobo. The neonatal mortality was 16,11 per thousand live births, or one death every 62 births. There were more mothers 24 years or less (55.56%), in personal prematurity (16.1%). The initial diagnosis was premature labor 21.61%, labor preterm 19.14% and pre-term premature rupture of membranes 19.75%. No prenatal care 64.2%, were multiparous 63.6%, with gestational age minor igual 36 weeks 72.22%, and ended in normal delivery 71.61%. A predominance of male fetuses (53,66%) with weight minor igual 2500 g (78.66%) and height minor igual 49 cm (88.4%), Apgar Index of 7 or less (84.75%). Factor prevalent direct death in 164 cases was respiratory failure (53.66%), followed by sepsis (21.95%) and perinatal asphyxia (19.51%).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Asphyxia Neonatorum/mortality , Respiratory Insufficiency/mortality , Arterial Pressure/physiology , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Sepsis/mortality , Obstetric Labor, Premature/diagnosis , Fetal Nutrition Disorders/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus/genetics , Health Status , Infant Mortality , Prenatal Care
6.
Rev. obstet. ginecol. Venezuela ; 70(3): 206-211, sept. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-631444

ABSTRACT

Se trata de una primigesta de 34 años de edad, quien presentó rotura prematura de membranas ovulares espontánea a las 24 semanas de gestación. Luego de realizar el diagnóstico clínico, microscópico y ecográfico de la entidad y descartando la presencia de infección, se decide la colocación de un parche hemático transvaginal endocervical autólogo como tratamiento de la presentó rotura prematura de membranas ovulares espontánea. La paciente evoluciona afebril con recuperación del líquido amniótico al sexto día del procedimiento. Inicia a las 35 semanas contracciones uterinas espontáneas dolorosas y al verificar en el monitoreo fetal intraparto un patrón compatible con desaceleración variable se decide la realización de una cesárea segmentaria obteniendo así un recién nacido pretérmino de 1550 g y 52 cm con evolución satisfactoria. El parche hemático transvaginal endocervical autólogo ofrece una alternativa como tratamiento de la presentó rotura prematura de membranas ovulares espontánea


This is the case of a 34-year-old primigravida who introduced spontaneous preterm premature rupture of membranes to 24 weeks of gestation. Then after clinical, microscopic, ultrasound diagnosis and discarding infection, we selected of a transvaginal endocervical autologous blood patch as the spontaneous preterm premature rupture of membranes treatment. The patient evolves without fever with the amniotic fluid recovery to the sixth day of the procedure. Start 35 weeks painful spontaneous uterine contractions and by verifying fetal monitoring intrapartum support Variable Deceleration Pattern is decided segment caesarean section giving a new born preterm 1550 g and 52 cm with satisfactory evolution. The transvaginal endocervical autologous blood patch offers an alternative to the spontaneous preterm premature rupture of membranes treatment


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Administration, Intravaginal , Patch Tests/methods , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/therapy , Autoantigens/therapeutic use
7.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 38(2): 67-72, abr.-jul. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-528900

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar os resultados perinatais do uso profilático de estearato de eritromicina nas pacientesinternadas na unidade de gestação alto risco da Maternidade Carmela Dutra (MCD), Florianópolis–SC, com diagnóstico de ruptura prematura pré-termo de membranas (RPM). Métodos: estudo descritivo com análise de todas as pacientes internadas com o diagnóstico de RPM e com idade gestacional entre 20 semanas e 33 semanas e cinco dias. Foram excluídas da pesquisa gestantes com históriade hipersensibilidade à eritromicina, com sinais clínicos e/ou laboratoriais de corioamnionite, que estavam emtrabalho de parto ou que faziam uso de antibióticos no momento da internação. A amostra obtida entre 1º de abril de 2007 e 15 de maio de 2008 foi de 22 pacientes. Resultados e conclusões: o tempo médio de latência foi de 12 dias. Não houve casos confirmados decorioamnionite. Uma (4,54%) gestante desenvolveu quadro de endometrite puerperal. Não houve óbitos maternos. Dois (9,09%) recém-nascidos desenvolveram sepse. A taxa de óbito neonatal foi de 13,63%. Apesarda nossa pequena casuística, o uso de eritromicina nas pacientes com RPM parece estar associado a umadiminuição na taxa de corioamnionite.


Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate perinatal results of the prophylactic use of erythromycin to patients admitted in the high-riskgestation unit at Carmela Dutra Maternity Hospital, Florianópolis – SC with preterm premature rupture ofmembranes (PROM). Methods: We performed a descriptive analysis ofall patients with PROM and gestational age between 20 weeks and 33 weeks plus 5 days. Patients with erythromycin allergy, with chorioamnionitis signs orwomen who already being prescribed antibiotics were excluded from this study. Enrolment was from April 1,2007, until May 15, 2008. Twenty-two women had been followed up in this study. Results and Conclusions: The medium latency period was 12 days. There was not confirmed chorioamnionitis case. The occurrence of endometritis was 4,54%. There was not maternal death. The occurrence of neonatal sepsis was 9,09% and theoccurrence of neonatal deaths was 13,63%. Despite our small casuistry, the prophylactic use of erythromycinseems to reduce the chorioamnionitis rate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Erythromycin , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Stearates , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/statistics & numerical data , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/mortality , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Erythromycin/metabolism , Erythromycin , Erythromycin/therapeutic use , Stearates/administration & dosage , Stearates , Stearates/pharmacokinetics , Stearates/therapeutic use , Pregnancy, High-Risk/physiology , Pregnancy, High-Risk/metabolism , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/mortality , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/prevention & control
8.
Journal of Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2009; 17 (4): 234-241
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-125576

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes in suspected patients by measurement of prolactin and B-hCG levels in vaginal washing in order to reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity. The study included 211 pregnant women who were referred to the emergency of Imam Hossein Hospital at 28-38 weeks of pregnancy for leakage or prenatal care from April, 2007 to April 2008. The expulsion of fluid from the cervix was evaluated and fern and nitrazin tests were done. B-hCG and prolactin levels of vaginal washing fluid were measured. The presence of 2 of 3 parameters of fern test, nitrazin and cervical fluid was defined as absolutely premature rupture of membranes. Man-Withney U-test was used for analysis. The Roc curve was calculated. There were 132 patients in PROM group and 79 patient in the control group. The average age in the PROM and control groups was 26.9 +/- 6.08 and 26.2 +/- 4.84 years, respectively [P=0.074]. Both groups were matched for parity and gravidity. Prolactin levels in PROM group were 2930 +/- 3737 mIU/l versus 23.18 +/- 120mIU/l in the control group [P=0.000]. B-hCG was 439.78 +/- 1867mIU/l in PROM and 17.72 +/- 30mIU/l in control group [p=0.000]. Sensitivity and specificity of prolactin according to cut-off of 16.0mIU/l was 79.41% and 96%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for B-hCG with cut-off point of 12.5 was 69.85% and 69.33%, respectively. The measurement of prolactin and B-hCG levels in patients with suspected premature rupture of membranes can help in decision-making and treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human/analysis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Vagina , Sensitivity and Specificity , Prolactin/analysis
9.
Cad. saúde pública ; 24(11): 2521-2531, nov. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BVSAM | ID: lil-496645

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi analisar os fatores associados ao óbito e sobrevida com seqüela em neonatos egressos de gestações que cursaram com amniorrexe prematura. Estudo observacional do tipo coorte histórica analisou prontuários de pacientes que evoluíram com quadro de amniorrexe prematura < 34 semanas de gestação. As variáveis foram cotejadas com os desfechos óbito neonatal e sobrevida com seqüela. Em ambos os grupos os dados foram submetidos à análise bivariada, sendo os valores que exibem significância estatística submetidos à regressão logística. No modelo multivariado final em relação ao óbito fetal tiveram significância estatística: corioamnionite; índice de Apgar < 5 no 5º minuto; peso ao nascimento < 1.000g; e reanimação cardiopulmonar. Quanto à presença de seqüela entre os sobreviventes destacam se: a colonização cervical; persistência do canal arterial; índice de Apgar < 5 no 5º minuto; e peso ao nascimento < 1.000g. Processos infecciosos, extremo baixo peso ao nascer e asfixia periparto são as principais variáveis ligadas aos desfechos estudados entre neonatos egressos de gestações que cursaram com amniorrexe prematura.


The objective of this study was to analyze factors associated with death and survival with sequelae in neonates after premature rupture of fetal membranes (PROM). An observational historical cohort study analyzed charts of patients with PROM at < 34 weeks gestation. The variables were compared with neonatal death and survival with sequelae as the outcomes. In both groups, the data were submitted to bivariate analysis, and the variables showing significance were submitted to logistic regression. The final multivariate model for fetal death showed statistical significance for the following: chorioamnionitis; 5-minute Apgar score < 5; birth weight < 1,000g; and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Survival with sequela was associated with: cervical colonization; patent ductus arteriosus; 5-minute Apgar score < 5; and birth weight < 1,000g. Infections, very low birth weight, and peripartum asphyxia were the principal variables associated with the target outcomes among newborns from gestations involving PROM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Amniotic Fluid , Infant Mortality , Infant, Premature , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Multivariate Analysis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors
10.
Managua; s.n; mar. 2008. 48 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-593050

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar la eficacia del manejo conservador para la R:P:M y establecer la diferencia de la morbilidad de los recién nacidos de madres que recibieron tratamiento conservador y las que no lo recibieron. Diseño del estudio: Es un estudio de casos y controles de madres y recién nacidos préterminos con edad gestacional comprendida entre 26 y 34 semanas que se ingresaron para tratamiento conservador de R:P:M. La muestra estuvo constituida por 37 mujeres (casos) con sus recién nacidos y el grupo control por 74 mujeres y sus recién nacidos que no recibieron tratamiento conservador para ruptura prematura de membranas (relación dos controles por cada caso). Se incluyeron a los nacidos por vía vaginal o césarea. La información se obtuvo de los expedientes clínicos de la sala de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico (ARO), labor y partos y Neonatología...


Subject(s)
Pregnancy Complications , Risk Factors , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/classification , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/mortality , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/prevention & control
11.
JCPSP-Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2008; 18 (9): 586-587
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-102973

ABSTRACT

The management of rupture of membranes at a nearly viability stage is still controversial. A case of a primigravida, who had rupture of membranes at 23 weeks of gestation, is reported. On conservative management, her pregnancy continued to 30 weeks and she delivered a normal fetus, who showed no abnormality till one year of follow-up


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Gravidity , Infant, Premature , Pregnancy Complications , Risk Factors , Obstetric Labor, Premature
12.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 72(3): 144-153, 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-465068

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar el resultado neonatal adverso según modo de parto en la rotura prematura de membranas de pretérmino (RPMPT). Métodos: Participaron 135 embarazadas entre 24 y 34 semanas de gestación con diagnóstico de rotura prematura de membranas. Se excluyeron pacientes en trabajo de parto y condiciones maternas y fetales severas que pudiesen alterar el resultado perinatal. Todas las embarazadas tuvieron evaluación microbiológica del líquido amniótico y cérvicovaginal, y recibieron antibióticos, corticoesteroides y manejo expectante hasta las 35 semanas. Se definió resultado neonatal adverso (RA) compuesto, la variable que incluyó morbilidad neonatal severa, secuelas o muerte neonatal. Se definió invasión microbiana de la cavidad amniótica (IMCA) por cultivo positivo del líquido amniótico. Funisitis se diagnosticó por la presencia de leucocitos polimorfonucleares en la pared de los vasos umbilicales o gelatina de Warthon. La cesárea se realizó por indicaciones obstétricas o por urgencias. Para el análisis se usó curva ROC y chi cuadrado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 116 pacientes. Modo del parto: vaginal 50,1 por ciento y cesárea 49,9 por ciento. La IMCA fue 52,6 por ciento y el RA 17,2 por ciento. El RA no dependió del modo del parto (vaginal 13,6 por ciento vs. cesárea 21,1 por ciento). La vía del parto no influyó en el RA de los subgrupos donde este resultado fue más frecuente: <1500 gramos de peso al nacer (vaginal 46,7 por ciento vs cesárea 47,4 por ciento) y <31 semanas de gestación al parto (vaginal 35 por ciento vs cesárea 35,5 por ciento). El RA se asoció con variables infecciosas: IMCA 24,6 por ciento, IMCA por S agalactiae 71,4 por ciento, corioamnionitis histológica 100 por ciento y funisitis 94,4 por ciento. Las 30 semanas de edad gestacional (Curva Roe) identificó al feto con mayor riesgo de resultado neonatal adverso según edad gestacional al parto. Conclusión: En la paciente con RPMPT manejada con antibióticos, corticosteroides y conducta expe...


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Humans , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/microbiology , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/therapy , Cesarean Section , Chorioamnionitis/diagnosis , Chorioamnionitis/epidemiology , Infant, Premature , Amniotic Fluid/microbiology , Predictive Value of Tests , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity
13.
Journal of the Faculty of Medicine-Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2007; 31 (1): 43-47
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-83683

ABSTRACT

Premature rupture of membranes [PROM], occurs in 2-25% of pregnant women. Traditionally, clinical and laboratory tests utilized for the diagnosis of PROM are fraught with both false positive and false negative results caused by various factors that result in an equivocal or delayed diagnosis. The absence of a non-invasive 'gold standard' for the diagnosis of PROM has led to the search for alternative biochemical markers. This research has been conducted to compare HCG of cervicovaginal the diagnostic power of qualitative and quantitative washings for the diagnosis of PROM.s This Diagnostic-Experimental study was undertaken with cervico-vaginal samples collected from singleton pregnancies between 14-41 weeks of gestation. Totally 86 pregnant women referred to Vali-Asr Hospital, Zanjan, in 2006, were enrolled in this study. Subjects were divided in two groups: 43 subjects with confirmed PROM [amniotic fluid pooling [+], nitrazine paper test [+], and fern test [+]], and 43 women in the control group [amniotic fluid pooling [-], nitrazine paper test [-], and fern test [-]]. Washings were then collected from the posterior vaginal fornix with the use of 5 ml of sterile saline irrigation and aspiration techniques. We measured HCG levels with the ELISA test. The median HCG levels were 250.60 [mIU/mL] and 6.2 [mIU/mL] in PROM and control group respectively. With, 22 [mIU/mL] set as a cutoff value on the receiving operating characteristic curve, [ROC], sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 95.3, 97.7, 97.6, 95.5 and 96%, respectively. Quantitative HCG measurement of cervico-vaginal washings was an accurate test for the diagnosis of PROM in our study


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Vagina , Cervix Uteri , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Pregnancy , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Sensitivity and Specificity , Predictive Value of Tests , Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human
14.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 15(2): 38-41, abr.-jun. 2006. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531244

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal, descriptivo en la maternidad del Hospital “Dr. Patrocinio Peñuela Ruíz” durante el período 2001-2004, basado en la revisión de 132 historias clínicas con diagnóstico de RPM. Encontrándose los siguientes resultados: el grupo etáreo predominante fue 25-29 años (36,36 por ciento), la edad gestacional 37-41 semanas (72,72 por ciento), se presentó principalmente en nulíparas (53,03 por ciento), el inicio de trabajo de parto fue predominantemente menos de 24 horas (68,18 por ciento), el apgar del RN al 1° y 5° minuto fue 7-10 pts (89,35 por ciento) el 53,03 por ciento de las madres no presentó enfermedad asociada, ni complicaciones postparto (90,90 por ciento). La conducta tomada en la mayoría de los casos fue inducción del trabajo de parto (56,06 por ciento), sin embargo terminaron en cesárea segmentaría (88,63 por ciento), de las cuales 13,63 por ciento por SFA, 25,75 por ciento DCP y 50 por ciento distocia de dilatación y descenso post-inducción fallida. El uso de cefalosporinas (78,03 por ciento) favoreció la evolución clínica satisfactoria de madres con diagnóstico de PRM y la triple cura en los casos de corioamnioitis (2,27 por ciento). Se concluye que no existe ninguna controversia cuando la RPM se acompaña de sufrimiento fetal o corioamnioitis clínica, en cuyo caso la terminación del embarazo es la conducta indicada. Sin embargo, cuando ésta se produce sin signo alguno de trabajo de parto, corioamnionitis clínica o sufrimiento fetal, el resultado perinatal está sometido a un delicado equilibrio entre prematuridad e infección corioamniótica (sepsis materna o fetal). El tiempo juega entonces un papel preponderante y todos los esfuerzos médicos se derigen a obtener una rápida madurez fetal con un mínimo de riesgo séptico. Con el manejo actual de la ruptura prematura de membranas que se hace en el HPPR se obtuvo en general un resultado aceptable, ya que la frecuencia de infección materna fue muy baja.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Pregnancy , Cephalosporins/therapeutic use , Chorioamnionitis/etiology , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Labor, Induced/methods , Cohort Studies , Cephalosporins/pharmacology , Dystocia/etiology , Incidence , Infections/therapy
15.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 15(2): 4-7, abr.-jun. 2006.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531250

ABSTRACT

Actualmente existe una alta proporción de RPM (2-22 por ciento) y es una de las patologías obstétricas más frecuentes, considerada un problema de salud pública, por ser responsable de la mayoría de partos pretermino (30 por ciento); tiene estrecha relación con la morbi-mortalidad materno-perinatal. Su incidencia es muy variable y depende en gran parte de la situación socioeconómica de la embarazada debido a la menor probabilidad de recibir cuidados médicos prenatales adecuados. Puede presentarse al final del embarazo causada por un debilitamiento natural de las membranas y por la fuerza de las contracciones; también ocurre en etapas tempranas del embarazo y fundamentalmente se asocia a infecciones locales (cervicovaginitis) e infecciones del tracto urinario; mala nutrición y sobredistensión uterina. Otros factores vinculados son los antecedentes de parto pretermino, hemorragia vaginal y tabaquismo. Produce numerosas complicaciones en el binomio materno-fetal como infecciones (corioamnioitis), parto pretermino, compresión del cordón umbilical y prolapso del cordón provocando sufrimiento fetal e incluso muerte fetal. Existen 2 tipos de manejo: activo (culminación del embarazo por cesárea o inducción del trabajo de parto) y expectante (espera del inicio espontáneo del trabajo de parto).


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/classification , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/physiopathology , Tobacco Use Disorder/adverse effects , Vaginosis, Bacterial/etiology , Coitus/physiology , Chorioamnionitis/etiology , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Obstetrics/education , Prolactin/physiology , Public Health/trends
17.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 70(6): 375-385, 2005. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-449853

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad del Doppler de la arteria umbilical (AU) para predecir invasión microbiana de la cavidad amniótica (IMCA), funisitis y resultado adverso neonatal (RA) en pacientes con rotura prematura de membranas de pretérmino (RPMPT). Métodos: Se estudian 80 embarazadas entre 24 y 34 semanas de gestación con diagnóstico de rotura prematura de membranas. Se excluyeron embarazadas con condiciones materno-fetales severas que pudiesen alterar el resultado perinatal. Todas tuvieron ultrasonografía para biometría fetal y Doppler de la arteria umbilical dentro de una semana del nacimiento y microbiología de líquido amniótico. Se creó una variable compuesta que incluyó morbilidad neonatal severa, secuelas o muerte neonatal. Las pacientes recibieron antibióticos, esteroides y manejo expectante hasta las 35 semanas. IMCA se definió por el cultivo positivo del líquido amniótico; funisitis por la presencia de leucocitos polimorfonucleares en la pared de los vasos umbilicales o gelatina de Warthon. Se usaron análisis de curva ROC y tablas de contingencia para el cálculo estadístico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 68 pacientes. El RA compuesto se presentó en 19,4 por ciento. Los fetos que desarrollaron RA tuvieron relación S/D de AU, significativamente más alta que los fetos con resultado bueno (RB) (65,6±30,9 vs 30,0±20,4 p<0,001), así como también más alta proporción de valores de la relación S/D de la AU sobre el percentil 90 (30,8 por ciento vs 0 por ciento, respectivamente, p<0,0001). No hubo diferencias en la relación S/D de la AU en los grupos con y sin IMCA y con o sin funisitis. Fetos con relación S/D de la AU con percentil >41 tuvieron significativo más alto riesgo de RA que fetos con percentil < 41 (odds ratio: 15,7; 95 por ciento CI 2,73-118; p<0,001), con sensibilidad de 85 por ciento, tasa de falso-positivo de 56 por ciento, especificidad de 74 por ciento y falso negativo de 5 por ciento. Conclusiones: En la RPMPT, la relación S/D de la AU, predice...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Umbilical Arteries , Chorioamnionitis , Laser-Doppler Flowmetry , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/microbiology , Blood Flow Velocity , Cervix Uteri/microbiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology , False Negative Reactions , False Positive Reactions , Amniotic Fluid/microbiology , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Placenta/pathology , ROC Curve , Vagina/microbiology , Vaginosis, Bacterial/diagnosis
18.
Acta méd. (Porto Alegre) ; 26: 680-689, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-422638

ABSTRACT

A ruptura prematura de membranas ovulares (ruprema) acomete, aproximadamente, 8 por cento das gestações. Associa-se a um elevado índice de complicações materno-fetais, especialmente as infecciosas, requerendo diagnóstico preciso, assim como adequada terapêutica. Os autores fazem uma revisão sobre ruprema, abordando os principais aspectos a este tema relacionados


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/complications , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/physiopathology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Obstetric Labor, Premature/complications
19.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-41166

ABSTRACT

To determine the aerobic microorganisms related to premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) in term pregnant women, a case-controlled study was performed on pregnant women delivered at Rajavithi Hospital between November 1, 1996 and July 30, 1997. Two hundred and twenty pregnant women with PROM and 220 pregnant women without PROM were recruited by simple random sampling. The diagnosis of rupture of the membrane was made by history and by positive microscopic ferning and pH testing performed during speculum examination. The demographic characteristics were not statistically significantly different between both groups. We could not isolate any organisms (35.9% in the study group and 49.5% in the control group). Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the only two significant differences demonstrated between the study and control group (p<0.05). Candida albicans, the most prevalent organism in the study group, demonstrated significant difference between the study and control group (14.5% and 7.7% respectively) (p<0.05). Klebsiella pneumoniae demonstrated significant difference between the study and control group (7.30% and 4.10% respectively) (p<0.05). Gardnerella vaginalis, the most prevalent organism in the control group, showed no significant difference between the control and study group (16.40% and 14.10% respectively) (p=0.547).


Subject(s)
Adult , Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Colony Count, Microbial , Female , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Humans , Pregnancy/physiology , Pregnancy Outcome , Probability , Reference Values , Thailand/epidemiology
20.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-38454

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and outcome of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. SUBJECTS: Ninety five PPROM women who were expectant management and delivered between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 1997. RESULTS: The incidence of PPROM was 7.2 per 1000 deliveries. There were 51 women in the gestational age group at or below 34 weeks and 44 women in the gestational age group above 34 weeks. Gestational age, total antenatal care visits, total weight gain and neonatal birth weight were significantly lower in the gestational age group at or below 34 weeks (p < 0.05). Abnormal delivery, maternal and neonatal complications were significantly more common in the gestational age group at or below 34 weeks (p < 0.05). Total maternal and neonatal hospital-stay comprised significantly more days in the gestational age group at or below 34 weeks (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Maternal and neonatal outcome were more unfavorable in the gestational age group at or below 34 weeks of PPROM. Expectant management should intervene at the gestational age at or below 34 weeks of PPROM due to unfavorable maternal and neonatal outcome.


Subject(s)
Adult , Confidence Intervals , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Gestational Age , Humans , Incidence , Infant Mortality/trends , Infant, Newborn , Maternal Mortality/trends , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Probability , Registries , Risk Factors , Thailand/epidemiology
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